Uman National University | today: 07/07/2025
| Author(s) |
Polunina O. V., , , Uman National University of Horticulture Maiboroda V. P., PhD of Agriculture Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture |
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| Category | 203 "Horticulture and Viticulture" | ||
| year | 2019 | issue | №2, 2019 |
| pages | 89-93 | index UDK | 338.31:634.1.03:634.11:631.541.5: 631.543.2 | DOI | 10.31395/2310-0478-2019-2-89-93 (Link) |
| Abstract | The paper is devoted to the research of the effect of the bi-axis formation by means of budding and the plant density in a row on the output and quality of young bi-axis apple trees cv. Florina 54–118 and the economic efficiency of their cultivation. The research was carried out in the fruit nursery of the educational-production department of Uman national university of horticulture in the years of 2016–2018. Bi-axis formation was done by budding: one bud with a further shoot picking when it is 10 cm long (the control), one bud with a further shoot picking when it is 20 cm long, two buds opposite (hereinafter “opposite budding”), two buds opposite with their 5-cm shift to each other along a rootstock (hereinafter “alternate budding”). A rootstock was planted in a field of a nursery, the distances between plants being 33, 45, 55 і 65 cm. It was found out that opposite and alternate budding with two buds resulted in a maximum increase of the standard young tree output by 12 and 11 %, respectively. It was recorded that the lowest plant density, due to the increase of the distance between plants in a row up to 45, 55 і 65 cm, caused the decrease of the output of young trees per unit area by 23, 35 and 44 % (y = 0,004x2 - 0,628x + 32,72; ηxy = 0,99 ± 0,04), respectively. And, a lower plant density facilitated the increase of the share of quality crowned young bi-axis apple trees from the number of the planted rootstock by 6, 9 and 10 %. So, opposite budding with two buds and a plant density in a row equal to 33 cm between plants ensured the output of 17.7 thousand standard young trees per hectare, favored a maximum 13 %-decrease of cost production and 24 %-increase of the sales revenue. All this helped receive UAH 388 th. of net profit and 197 % of profitability. The largest share of standard young trees from the number of the planted rootstock was recorded under opposite (94 %) and alternate (93 %) budding with two buds and a 65 cm-distance between plants in a row. | ||
| Key words | apple tree, young bi-axis apple trees, Bibaum®, budding, density in a row, output of young trees, marketable quality, economic efficiency | ||