Uman National University | today: 07/07/2025
| Author(s) |
Martyniuk A. T., PhD of Agricultural Sciences, , Uman National University of Horticulture Hospodarenko G.M., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine Stasinevych O.Y., Candidate of Agricultural Science, Associate Professor of Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine |
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| Category | 201 "Agronomy" | ||
| year | 2023 | issue | №1, 2023 |
| pages | 18-25 | index UDK | 631.445.4 [631.82:631.86:631.559:631.63] | DOI | 10.32782/2310-0478-2023-1-18-25 (Link) |
| Abstract | The results of studies of the effect of long-term (since 1964) use of fertilizers on the formation of sugar beet productivity on podzolic black low-humus heavy loam soil under organic, mineral and organomineral fertilization systems in field crop rotation are presented. The study was held in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The saturation of 1 ha of crop rotation area with mineral fertilizers was N45P45K45, N90P90K90 and N135P135K135, with organic fertilizers (farmyard manure) – 9 t, 13.5 and 18 t, and when combinedit amountedto 4.5 t of farmyard manure + N23P34K18, 9 t of farmyard manure + N45P68K36 and 13.5 t of farmyard manure + N60P101K54.Mineral and organomineral fertilization systems are balanced in terms of the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium introduced with fertilizers. Certain variants of the organic fertilizer system are balanced only against nitrogen. It has been established that podzolic black soil has a high natural potential fertility, on which, without the use of fertilizers in field crop rotation, it is possible to obtain a sugar beet yield of 31.2 t/ha for 50 years. Regardless of the fertilization system in crop rotation, the yield of sugar beet rosein every crop rotation with an increase in doses of mineral and organic fertilizers by 0.1–13.7 t/ha. On the contrary, with increasing doses of organic and especially mineral fertilizers, the sugar content of root crops decreased in the fourth and fifth rotations, respectively, by 2.0–2.5 and 0.9–1.2 absolute percentage. Both separately for each rotation, and on average over 50 years, the highest root crops yield (45.3 t/ha) and estimated sugar collection (7.56 t/ha) were ensured by applying 45 t/ha of manure under sugar beet + N90Р202К45 for the organomineral fertilization system with saturation of 1 ha of crop rotation area with 13.5 tons of manure + N67Р101К54.Under the mineral fertilizer system, high yield (43.5 t/ha) and estimated sugar collection (7.10 t/ha) were due to application of N180Р180К180 and saturation 1 ha of crop rotation N135Р135К135. The organic system of crop rotation fertilization was inferior in productivity to mineral and even more to organomineral systems. With long-term application of 60 t/ha of manure to beets and saturation of 1 ha of the crop rotation area with 18 t of manure, the average root crop yields over five rotation cycles was 41.6 t/ha, and the estimated sugar collection was 7.09 t/ha. | ||
| Key words | podzolic black soil, fertilization system, manure, mineral fertilizers, yield, sugar collection | ||